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CRE Borrowing Costs Drop as Debt Markets Loosen
With agency loans dipping below 5% and private capital surging, CRE financing is finally loosening—at least for now.
Good morning. CRE borrowing costs are trending down as banks return to the market and private lenders inject fresh capital, creating a more competitive and liquid debt landscape.
Today’s issue is brought to you by Vintage Capital—offering recession-resistant assets and powerful 2025 tax benefits.
We’re tracking whether CRE investors are leaning in or pulling back—across multifamily, industrial, retail, and office. Take the Q4 Fear & Greed Survey.
Market Snapshot
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Debt Dynamics
CRE Borrowing Costs Drop as Debt Markets Loosen
CRE interest rates are down nearly 50 bps YoY, as debt markets reopen and lenders show renewed appetite for deals.
Rate cuts ease borrowing: The Fed’s two rate cuts in 2025—bringing the overnight rate to 3.75%–4%—have helped ease CRE borrowing costs. Despite the 10-year Treasury ticking up to 4.1%, agency multifamily and life company loan rates have dropped into the upper-4% range.
Bank lending back in play: After a cautious 2024 spent cleaning up balance sheets, banks are slowly reentering the CRE market. Their share of loans on properties over $2.5M rose from 27% last year to 33% in early 2025—still below the pre-2020 average of 40%, but climbing. Easing regulations and better liquidity are driving the rebound.

Private lenders step up: Debt funds raised $24B in the first three quarters of 2025—more than double last year’s pace. With flexible underwriting and a focus on bridge loans, they’re compressing spreads and driving rates down.
Rate snapshot: With spreads narrowing and lenders flush with capital, borrowers are seeing more favorable deal terms, even if cap rates remain well above pre-2022 levels.
Agency multifamily debt: upper-4% range
Life companies: upper-4%
Banks: low-5% to low-6%
CMBS: 5%–7%
Debt funds: 6%–8%
Caution Ahead: Despite improved lending dynamics, the outlook for further Fed easing is uncertain. The market odds of another December rate cut have slipped to about 70%, down from 90% a few weeks ago.
➥ THE TAKEAWAY
Time to borrow: With capital flowing and lenders re-engaging, CRE borrowers are enjoying a more hospitable rate environment—at least for now. But with the Fed's path uncertain, savvy investors should move while the debt window is still wide open.
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✍️ Editor’s Picks
Market insights: In a new article, Hines’ Global Head of Client Partnerships explains how successful occupiers are choosing integration over fragmentation to achieve global scale, efficiency, and long-term value. (sponsored)
Trump effect: Trump’s second term has delivered tax breaks and pro-development policies for CRE, but tariffs and unpredictability cloud the gains.
Split signals: Fed officials are increasingly divided over whether to cut rates in December, with hawks citing sticky inflation and doves pointing to a weakening labor market
Dual pitch: Blackstone is courting both 1031 exchangers and big-ticket investors with tax-advantaged DSTs and low-fee share classes to revive fundraising for its $100B nontraded REIT.
Job disruption: Starwood’s Barry Sternlicht warns AI will cut jobs as CRE shifts toward data centers and tech-driven efficiency.
Tokio takeover: Japanese insurer Tokio Marine is acquiring a majority stake in $18B U.S. lender Acore Capital.
Broker backlash: One year later, NYC’s FARE Act shifted broker fees to landlords, shrinking listings, squeezing agents, and fueling a legal fight.
Home slicing: Real estate startup Arrived has raised $27M from top tech execs to grow its single-family rental investment platform.
🏘️ MULTIFAMILY
Rent retreat: Multifamily rents dipped again in October as weak demand and economic uncertainty weigh on the sector.
Takeover talks: Apartment landlord Centerspace is weighing a potential sale as it fields takeover interest and explores strategic options with advisers.
Luxury deal: Ballast Investments and Carlyle Group snapped up a $31.9M Pacific Heights property as San Francisco’s rental market rebounds.
Final chapter: Multifamily firm Aimco plans to liquidate its assets and shut down after a year-long strategic review, marking the end of an era for the former REIT.
🏭 Industrial
Spec space: Lincoln Property Company completed the first phase of a $80M industrial project in Tucson, with plans to expand to over 1M SF.
Smart upgrade: WiredScore is now offering digital connectivity certifications for U.S. industrial properties to meet growing tenant tech demands.
Defense deal: Saronic Technologies signed a long-term lease for an 83,469 SF industrial R&D space in San Diego’s Sports Arena submarket.
Lunar lease: Astrolab has become the first tenant of Texas A&M’s $200M Space Institute near NASA’s Johnson Space Center.
🏬 RETAIL
Simon says: Simon Property Group has rebounded post-pandemic, proving malls can still thrive in today’s retail landscape.
Holiday surge: Fifth Avenue, Rodeo Drive, and the Magnificent Mile are set for a strong holiday season, with diverse shoppers driving traffic and spending across top retail corridors.
Fast food: Quick-service restaurants are flooding top retail spaces despite tighter margins, rising rents, and consumer belt-tightening.
Mall makeover: WS Development is transforming Santa Rosa’s historic Montgomery Village mall into a modern, community-focused retail hub.
🏢 OFFICE
Conversion crunch: Office-to-residential conversions in Lower Manhattan are driving a surge in leasing, as displaced tenants stay local and upgrade to higher-quality spaces.
Amazon axes: Amazon will cut 660 jobs across several Manhattan offices in January, hitting 424 Fifth Ave. and 5 Manhattan West hardest.
MOB slowdown: Healthcare real estate sales cooled significantly over the past year, with medical office buildings and hospitals trading well below historical averages.
Texas trend: Coinbase is relocating its corporate registration from Delaware to Texas, following in the footsteps of Elon Musk’s high-profile move.
Strategic shrink: BNY Mellon is cutting its Philadelphia office footprint by two-thirds, exiting its longtime namesake tower for a much smaller lease.
Houston rebound: Owner-user deals are helping Houston’s office market stabilize, with over 2M SF pulled off the market this year.
🏨 HOSPITALITY
Harvard hub: Harvard’s new mass timber convention center, the Rubenstein Treehouse, anchors its Enterprise Research Campus and aims to foster collaboration between academia and industry.
Value vacations: Family travel demand is strong heading into 2026, but parents are closely watching their budgets and want hotels to improve affordability and inclusivity.
Resort revamp: An investor group has acquired the Sawgrass Marriott Golf Resort & Spa for $149M, with plans to renovate the 66-acre Florida property adjacent to TPC Sawgrass.
📈 CHART OF THE DAY

Sources: MBA Loan Maturities and Quarterly Originations Index
A pandemic-driven e-commerce boom sent U.S. industrial absorption and development soaring post-2020, but as demand cooled, vacancies doubled, and the sector briefly dipped into negative net absorption by mid-2025.

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